El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en evaluar el efecto de los pre-tratamientos con giberelinas, la humedad inicial del sustrato y la temperatura de incubación sobre la germinación de Psidium guineense Swartz. Las semillas se sometieron a cuatro tratamientos previos con giberelina (GA3) (50 y 100 mg L-1) y agua destilada durante 24 horas y un control. La siembra se hizo en papel Germitest® humedecido con agua destilada a niveles de humedad correspondientes a 1,5 y 2,5 veces el peso de papel seco. Luego las semillas se incubaron a temperaturas constantes (25 y 30 ºC) y a temperaturas variables (20-30 ºC). El procedimiento estadístico utilizado fue un diseño factorial 4 x 2 x 3 (pre-tratamiento x humedad inicial del sustrato x temperatura) completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones de 25 semillas cada una. La germinación de las semillas y el crecimiento de las plántulas de P. guineense no se vieron afectados por los tratamientos pre-germinación. Para una germinación y crecimiento óptimos las semillas de P. guineense deberían sembrarse a temperaturas de 20-30 o 25 ºC y a una humedad del sustrato de 1,5 o 2,5 veces la masa del papel seco.

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of pre-treatments with gibberellin, the initial substrate humidity, and incubation temperature on the germination of Psidium guineense Swartz seeds. The seeds were submitted to four pre-treatments with gibberellin (GA3) (50 and 100 mg L-1) and distilled water during 24 hours, and control. Sowing was carried out on Germitest® paper that was moistened with distilled water at humidity levels corresponding to 1.5 and 2.5 times the weight of dry paper. The seeds were then incubated at a constant temperature (25 or 30 ºC) and alternate temperatures (20-30 ºC). Experiments were randomized, with a factorial scheme 4 × 2 × 3 (pre-treatment × initial substrate humidity × temperature) with four replicates of 25 seeds each. Germination rate and seedling growth of P. guineense were not affected by pre-germination treatments. For an optimum germination rate and seedling growth, seeds of P. guineense should be sown at alternate temperatures of 20-30 ºC or 25 ºC and in substrate moisture of 1.5 or 2.5 times the dry paper mass.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a sensibilidade à dessecação e a longevidade durante o armazenamento de sementes de Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. (uvaia). Os frutos utilizados foram coletados em matrizes localizadas na cidade de Amambai-MS. Para o estudo da sensibilidade à dessecação, foi utilizado o protocolo baseado na redução do nível de hidratação das sementes a cada cinco pontos percentuais, obtendo-se sementes com teores de água de 45; 40; 30; 25; 20; 15; 10 e 5%. Para estudar a longevidade das sementes durante o armazenamento, foram testadas as condições de câmara fria e seca (16±1Cº/40% UR), geladeira (5±1Cº) e freezer (-18±1ºC) durante 30 dias, e as sementes que não foram submetidas ao armazenamento constituíram o tratamento-controle. A semeadura foi realizada entre areia a 20/30ºC com 10h de luz/14h de escuro em B.O.D. As sementes de uvaia são sensíveis à dessecação e não toleraram a secagem a 5% de teor de água. As sementes recém-beneficiadas apresentaram germinação de aproximadamente 77% e com a secagem até 5% houve a redução para 15% de germinação. A diminuição do teor de água provocou a redução da massa fresca, comprimento de raiz primária, hipocótilo e total de plântulas e tempo médio de germinação. As condições de armazenamento sob temperaturas baixas e a secagem reduziram a germinação das sementes, indicando assim o comportamento recalcitrante das sementes de uvaia.

This study aimed to evaluate the desiccation sensivity and storage and longevity behavior of uvaia seeds (Eugenia pyriformis Camb.). It was carried out with seeds from fruits collected at Amambai-MS city. To study the desiccation sensitivity, a protocol based on the dehydration level on each five percentage points reaching 45, 40, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10 and 5% seeds moisture contents was used. To study the longevity of seeds during storage were tested the following conditions of cold and dry chamber (16 ± 1C º / 40% UR), refrigerator (5 ± 1C º) and freezer (-18 ± 1 º C) for 30 days and seeds sown soon after processing constituted the control treatment. Seeds were sowed between sand at 20/30 ºC at 10 h light/14 h darkness in B.O.D. Uvaia seeds are desiccation sensitivity and can not tolerate drying below 5% moisture content. The moisture content decrease caused the reduction on the fresh mass, primary root length, hypocotyls length and on the seedlings total length reduction as in the germination medium time. The fresh seeds presented approximately 77% germination and the 5% moisture content dehydration reduced the germination to 15%. The storage conditions under low temperatures and seeds dehydration reduced seed germination, thus indicating a recalcitrant behavior of uvaia seeds.